Purpose: Preoperative intramuscular-administered botulinum toxin A (BTA) in the lateral abdominal muscles prior to abdominal wall reconstruction has been reported to produce a flaccid paralysis and improve the primary closure rate of large ventral hernias with loss of domain. Complications to this treatment remain sparsely described. The aim of the current study was to report safety and short-term outcome of abdominal wall reconstruction aided by BTA administration.
Methods: This was a retrospective two-center study including all patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction for ventral hernia aided by preoperative BTA administration to the lateral abdominal muscles. Data were retrieved from patient charts and included preoperative demographic and perioperative information as well as postoperative 30-day complications and readmissions.
Results: A total of 37 patients underwent BTA administration prior to hernia repair. The mean age and body mass index were 59.5 (SD 10.1) years and 31.1 (SD 5.2) kg/m2. The BTA injections were administered mean 31.6 days (SD 10.0) prior to the hernia repair. One (2.7%) patient reported pain as a complication immediately after the BTA administration. Subsequent to the hernia repair, six (16.2%) patients were readmitted within 30 days. Nine patients (24.3%) had wound complications and medical complications occurred in seven (18.9%) patients.
Conclusions: We found early preoperative administration of BTA a safe adjunct to large ventral hernia repair, without adverse events related to the administration preoperative. Future studies should further highlight the efficacy of preoperative BTA for reconstruction of otherwise untreatable hernias.
Keywords: Abdominal wall reconstruction; Botulinum toxin A; Loss of domain; Safety; Ventral hernia.