First trimester screening for early and late preeclampsia based on maternal characteristics, biophysical parameters, and angiogenic factors

Prenat Diagn. 2015 Feb;35(2):183-91. doi: 10.1002/pd.4519. Epub 2014 Nov 19.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this article is to develop the best first-trimester screening model for preeclampsia (PE) based on maternal characteristics, biophysical parameters, and angiogenic factors in a low-risk population.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 9462 pregnancies undergoing first-trimester screening is used. Logistic regression predictive models were developed for early and late PE (cut-off of 34 weeks' gestation at delivery). Data included the a priori risk (maternal characteristics), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and uterine artery (UtA) Doppler (11-13 weeks) in all cases. Plasma levels (8-11 weeks) of human chorionic gonadotrophin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) were analyzed using a nested case-control study design.

Results: The best model for early PE (n = 57, 0.6%) included a priori risk, MAP, UtA Doppler, PlGF, and sFlt-1 achieving detection rates of 87.7% and 91.2% for 5% and 10% false-positive rates, respectively (AUC: 0.98 [95% CI: 0.97-0.99]). For late PE (n = 246, 2.6%), the best model included the a priori risk, MAP, UtA Doppler, PlGF, and sFlt-1 achieving detection rates of 68.3% and 76.4% at 5% and 10% of false-positive rates, respectively (AUC: 0.87 [95% CI: 0.84-0.90]).

Conclusion: Preeclampsia can be predicted with high accuracy in general obstetric populations with a low risk for PE, by combined algorithms. Angiogenic factors substantially improved the prediction.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / blood
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Placenta Growth Factor
  • Pre-Eclampsia / diagnosis*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Proteins / blood
  • Pregnancy Trimester, First
  • Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / metabolism
  • Ultrasonography
  • Uterine Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / blood

Substances

  • Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human
  • PGF protein, human
  • Pregnancy Proteins
  • Placenta Growth Factor
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
  • Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
  • PAPPA protein, human