Omega-3 fatty acids reduce hepatic steatosis and consequently attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury following partial hepatectomy in rats

Dig Liver Dis. 2011 Dec;43(12):984-90. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.07.009. Epub 2011 Aug 12.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) treatment of experimental steatosis and the consequent effect on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Background: Fatty livers are more susceptible to IR injury and display decreased regenerative capacity. Consequently, restrictions exist for patients with fatty livers to undergo a major hepatectomy or to participate in living donor liver transplantation. Until recently, weight reduction constituted the only proven therapy for patients with fatty livers.

Methods: Steatosis was induced by a 3-wk methionine/choline-deficient diet, followed by oral administration of omega-3 FAs (Omega-3), standard lipid solution (Lipid), or NaCl (Saline) during 2 wk. Control animals received a standard diet without treatment. Rats underwent partial (70%) hepatic IR combined with partial hepatectomy (PHx) of the non-ischemic lobes (30%) followed by 24-h reperfusion.

Results: Histological analysis revealed mild (5-33%) macrovesicular steatosis in omega-3-treated animals vs. severe (>66%) macrovesicular steatosis in both Lipid and Saline groups. Following IR/PHx, omega-3-treated rats exhibited reduced serum ALT levels after 6- and 24-h reperfusion, a reduced hepatic TNF-α content, and an improved anti-oxidative capacity.

Conclusions: Omega-3 treatment significantly reduces experimental hepatic steatosis and associated pathophysiological features, resulting in significantly reduced IR injury following PHx.

MeSH terms

  • Alanine Transaminase / blood
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Animals
  • Choline Deficiency
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / analysis
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / pharmacology
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / therapeutic use*
  • Fatty Liver / drug therapy*
  • Fatty Liver / pathology
  • Fatty Liver / physiopathology
  • Hepatectomy
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology*
  • Liver / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Methionine / deficiency
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reperfusion Injury / pathology*
  • Reperfusion Injury / physiopathology*
  • Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Methionine
  • Alanine Transaminase