Purpose of review: Psychotherapy of patients with personality disorder and concomitant substance dependence requires an integrative approach. Although a number of studies have evaluated psychotherapy for one of these disorders, only few studies have described the effectiveness of treatment programs in comorbid patients. These limited findings provide a basis for the further development of treatments for personality disorder and concomitant substance dependence. This review gives an overview of the current state of research in this field.
Recent findings: Although a large number of evaluation studies tested the effectiveness of several therapies for alcohol dependence, far fewer evaluated nonalcohol substance dependence. There are very few evaluations of the efficacy of psychotherapy for other forms of drug dependence. Only dialectical behavior therapy and dual-focus schema therapy have been tested for the treatment of personality disorder and substance dependence.
Summary: To date, two randomized controlled trials in 59 female-only patients with borderline personality disorder and substance abuse provided the best evidence-based data for the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy. For dual-focus schema therapy, a single randomized controlled trial indicated a curative effect in a small group of patients with personality disorder and substance dependence. Although the results of these studies are encouraging, further clinical trials need to be conducted in larger populations including male participants.