Abstract
Among dental metals, copper showed the highest cytotoxicity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma and human submandibular gland carcinoma cells, followed by palladium-alloy, gold and silver. Normal human cells (gingival fibroblast, pulp cells, periodontal ligament fibroblast) were relatively resistant to these metals. The palladium-alloy failed to induce internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, in human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells. The cytotoxic activity of the palladium-alloy was significantly reduced by a non-cytotoxic concentration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or more efficiently by sodium ascorbate. However, higher concentrations of sodium ascorbate enhanced the cytotoxic activity of palladium-alloy. ESR spectroscopy showed that the palladium-alloy enhanced the intensity of ascorbate radical, suggesting the possible interaction between metals and antioxidants. All metals, except copper, did not significantly affect the generation of superoxide anion (by hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction), hydroxyl radical (by Fenton reaction) and nitric oxide (from NOC-7 in the presence of C-PTIO). These data demonstrate for the first time that antioxidants modify the biological activity of dental metals.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Antioxidants / pharmacology*
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Ascorbic Acid / pharmacology
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Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
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Copper / chemistry
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Copper / metabolism
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Copper / pharmacology
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Dental Materials / chemistry
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Dental Materials / metabolism
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Dental Materials / pharmacology*
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Drug Interactions
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Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
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Fibroblasts / drug effects
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Free Radicals / chemistry
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Free Radicals / metabolism
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Gingiva / cytology
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Gingiva / drug effects
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Gold / chemistry
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Gold / metabolism
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Gold / pharmacology
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HL-60 Cells / drug effects
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Humans
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Hypoxanthine / chemistry
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Hypoxanthine / metabolism
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Metals / chemistry
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Metals / metabolism
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Metals / pharmacology*
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Mouth Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Palladium / chemistry
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Palladium / metabolism
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Palladium / pharmacology
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Periodontal Ligament / cytology
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Periodontal Ligament / drug effects
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Reactive Oxygen Species / chemistry
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Silver / chemistry
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Silver / metabolism
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Silver / pharmacology
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Submandibular Gland Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Xanthine Oxidase / chemistry
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Xanthine Oxidase / metabolism
Substances
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Antioxidants
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Dental Materials
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Free Radicals
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Metals
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Hypoxanthine
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Silver
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Palladium
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Gold
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Copper
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Xanthine Oxidase
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Ascorbic Acid