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Mitochondrial redox signaling by p66Shc is involved in regulating androgenic growth stimulation of human prostate cancer cells

Abstract

p66Shc is shown to negatively regulate the life span in mice through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Recent reports, however, revealed that p66Shc protein level is significantly elevated in several human cancer tissues and growth-stimulated carcinoma cells, suggesting a mitogenic and carcinogenic role for p66Shc. In this communication, we demonstrate for the first time that p66Shc mediates androgenic growth signals in androgen-sensitive human prostate cancer cells through mitochondrial ROS production. Growth stimulation of prostate cancer cells with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is accompanied by increased p66Shc level and ROS production, which is abolished by antioxidant treatments. However, antioxidant treatments do not affect the transcriptional activity of androgen receptor (AR) as observed by its inability to block DHT-induced prostate-specific antigen expression, an AR-dependent correlate of prostate cancer progression. Elevated expression of p66Shc by cDNA transfection increases the basal cell proliferation and, thus, reduces additional DHT-induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, DHT increases the translocation of p66Shc into mitochondria and its interaction with cytochrome c. Conversely, both redox-negative p66Shc mutant (W134F), which is deficient in cytochrome c interaction, and p66Shc small interfering RNA decrease DHT-induced cell proliferation. These results collectively reveal a novel role for p66Shc–ROS pathway in androgen-induced prostate cancer cell proliferation and, thus, may play a role in early prostate carcinogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the technical supports from the Flow Cytometry core facility at UNMC and Eppley Cancer Center (P30CA036727). This study was supported in part by the Department of Defense Grants (W81XWH-04-1-0908 and W81XWH-06-1-0070), National Institutes of Health (R01 CA88184) and UNMC Graduate Student Fellowship. We thank Dr Ming-Shyue Lee for the initial study of DHT effect on serine-36 phosphorylation of p66Shc. We also acknowledge Dr Larry W Oberley at University of Iowa College of Medicine (Iowa City, IA, USA) and Dr Parmender P Mehta, University of Nebraska Medical Center (Omaha, NE, USA) for the plasmids Mn-SOD and pECFP-N1, respectively.

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Correspondence to M-F Lin.

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Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on the Oncogene website (http://www.nature.com/onc).

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Veeramani, S., Yuan, TC., Lin, FF. et al. Mitochondrial redox signaling by p66Shc is involved in regulating androgenic growth stimulation of human prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 27, 5057–5068 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2008.143

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