Effect of glucoraphanin from broccoli seeds on lipid levels and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.103858Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Glucoraphanin showed the highest bioaccessibility after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.

  • Glucoraphanin modulated lipid profiles and metabolism related gene expression.

  • Glucoraphanin supplementation changed the composition and richness of gut microbiota.

  • Correlation analysis between biochemical factors and gut microbes was investigated.

Abstract

Glucoraphanin was found to be the most abundant glucosinolate both in crude broccoli and after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, with a bioaccessibility of 46.2 ± 0.4%. Glucoraphanin has been reported as a stable precursor of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) inducer sulforaphane which correlated with obesity. Thus, the effects of glucoraphanin on lipid metabolism and gut microflora in high-fat diet-fed mice were investigated. Glucoraphanin decreased liver weights and adipose tissue masses, concentrations of serum inflammatory factors, and the expression of genes of FAS and increased the expression of genes of PPARα, CPT1, ACOX in the liver. Glucoraphanin also decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the abundance of microbes positively correlated with the high-fat diet in intestinal microbiota. The findings illustrate that glucoraphanin is a potential anti-obesity potential substance and suggest the utilization of seed flours and bio-products of glucoraphanin-rich cruciferous vegetables in nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Keywords

Glucoraphanin
Obesity
Lipid metabolism
Gut microbiota

Abbreviations

HFD
high-fat diet
HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
ND
normal diet
HFDB
broccoli-treated mice
HFDG
glucoraphanin-treated mice
OGTT
oral glucose tolerance test
HOMA-IR
homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
TC
total serum cholesterol
TG
total triglycerides
HDL-C
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
LDL-C
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
AST
aspartate transaminase
ALT
alanine transaminase
MDA
malondialdehyde
SOD
superoxide dismutase
CAT
catalase
CPT-1
carnitine palmitoyl transterase-1
PPARα
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
FAS
fatty acid synthase
SREBP-1c
sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c
ACC
acetyl-CoA carboxylase
ACOX
peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase
GAPDH
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
OTU
operational taxonomic unit
LEfSe
linear discriminant analysis effect size

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