Dendritic cells treated by Trichinella spiralis muscle larval excretory/secretory products alleviate TNBS-induced colitis in mice
Section snippets
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD primarily encompasses ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) [1]. CD is associated with increased production of T helper cell type 1 (Th1)-like cytokines such as Interferon (IFN)-γ. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that there is an inverse relationship between the prevalence of CD and exposure to helminthic parasites in developing countries and
Animals
BALB/c mice (female, 6–8 weeks old) were purchased from the Shanghai SLAC Company. Female Wistar rats were purchased from the Experimental Animal Centre of College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University (Changchun, China). All animal experiments were performed according to regulations of the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals in China. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Jilin University (20170318).
Parasites and preparation of ES
The T. spiralis isolate
T. spiralis MLES (Ts-MLES) regulated DCs phenotype
To investigate the ability of the Ts-MLES to regulate the maturation of DCs, surface costimulatory molecules on CD11c+ DCs (>90% CD11c+, Fig. 1A) were measured. As shown in Fig. 1B and C, the Ts-MLES-treated group showed small increases in CD40, CD80 and CD86 expression compared to the PBS control group. In the absence of Ts-MLES, surface markers (CD40, CD80 and CD86) on CD11c+ DCs stimulated by LPS\IFN-γ were upregulated. However, the Ts-MLES-treated group had significantly inhibited
Discussion
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic dysregulated inflammatory disease of intestinal tract. The patients frequently experience continuous or intermittent diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding and fatigue due to aberrant intestinal inflammation, probably resulting from inappropriately vigorous immune responses to components of the natural intestinal fecal stream [28]. The available treatments for the disease are far from optimal. Several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic
Conclusion
We found that the administration of Ts-MLES-DC alleviated the severity of TNBS-induced colitis in mice. Moreover, our data demonstrated that Ts-MLES-DC modulated inflammatory cytokine production of colon, which resulted in ameliorating intestinal inflammation. The results suggested that Ts-MLES-DC inhibited Th1 immune response while enhancing the Th2 and Treg immune response in TNBS-induced colitis in vivo. These results provide evidence that Ts-MLES-DCs have the potential to mitigate CD via
Conflicts of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
We thank Xinrui Wang for the technical assistance. Our thanks are also extended to express our gratitude to all the people who made this work.
Funding
This study was supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1601206, 2017YFD0501302, 2017YFD0501300); Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Project (20180520042JH); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 31520103916).
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