Identification of a truncated cystatin SA-I as a saliva biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma using the SELDI ProteinChip platform

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2009.10.001

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Volume 39, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 68-74

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2009.10.001 Get rights and content

Abstract

New and more consistent biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are needed to improve early detection of the disease and to monitor patient management. The aim of this study was to detect new OSCC tumor markers in saliva. Unstimulated saliva, collected from patients with primary stage I OSCC as matched pre-and post-treatment samples, was used in the analysis. A surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF) ProteinChip system was used to screen for differentially expressed proteins in the saliva samples. This analysis revealed 26 proteins with significantly different expression levels in the pre-and post-treatment samples (P < 0.05). A 14 kDa protein detected in pre-treatment saliva from the OSCC patients was identified as a truncated cystatin SA-I, with deletion of three amino acids from the N-terminus. The authors propose that ProteinChip analysis may provide a reliable screening test for early diagnosis of OSCC and that truncated cystatin SA-I might be a useful tumor biomarker for OSCC.

Section snippets

Patient selection

16 patients (10 males, 6 females; aged 56.3 ± 5.6 years) with stage I OSCC were included in the study. The primary sites were the tongue in 10 cases, the lower gingiva in 4, and the buccal mucosa in 2. All the patients had received recent diagnoses of the primary disease and had been treated with surgery alone. None had a history of malignancy, immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorders, hepatitis or HIV infection. All patients signed the institutional review board-approved consent form and agreed to

Proteomics analysis of pre-and post-treatment saliva samples

In the working mass range of 2,000 to 200,000 m/z, approximately 200 peaks were resolved using the ionic bead-capture approach. ProteinChip analysis indicated 26 proteins that exhibited significantly different expression levels between pre-and post-treatment saliva samples (P < 0.05): 17 with decreased expression and 9 with increased expression after treatment. Protein peak clustering analysis was also able to distinguish between the pre-and post-treatment samples. There is no significant

Discussion

Detection of head and neck cancer at an early stage is important for successful clinical therapy. Patients with OSCC often present with advanced-stage disease, which is associated with a poorer prognosis and requires more aggressive therapy, which results in increased functional disability. Conventional diagnostic techniques, including direct inspection and imaging technology such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography, are limited in their ability to detect OSCC at an early stage

Funding

None

Competing Interests

None declared

Ethical approval

Not required

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Research PaperHead and Neck OncologyIdentification of a truncated cystatin SA-I as a saliva biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma using the SELDI ProteinChip platform

Abstract

Section snippets

Patient selection

Proteomics analysis of pre-and post-treatment saliva samples

Discussion

Funding

Competing Interests

Ethical approval

J Mol Diagn

Biochem Biophys Res Commun.

Oral Oncol

Lancet.

Surg Oncol Clin N Am.

Proteomic approaches to biomarker discovery in prostate and bladder cancers

Proteomics.

Detection of circulating tumour DNA in the blood (plasma/serum) of cancer patients

Cancer Metastasis Rev

Use of proteomic analysis to monitor responses to biological therapies

Expert Opin Biol Ther.

Molecular genetics of head and neck cancer

Cancer Control.