Stafne's mandibularlingual cortical defect discussion of aetiology

doi:10.1016/S0301-0503(85)80042-4

Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery

Volume 13, 1985, Pages 172-176

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0503(85)80042-4 Get rights and content

Summary

The literature relevant to Stafne's mandibular lingual cortical defect is reviewed. Four case descriptions are added. Aetiological theories are discussed and an alternative hypothesis of circumscribed, localized bone atrophy due to relative ischaemia is proposed.

References (45)

AbramsonA.S.
Ectopic submaxillary gland in the mandible
Report of a case. J.A.D.A.
(1966)
AlvaresO. et al.
Lingual mandibular bone cavity concomitant with a dentigerous cyst
Oral Surg.
(1969)
AmaralW.J. et al.
Aberrant salivary gland defect in the mandible. Report of a case
Oral Surg.
(1961)
BergenholtzA. et al.
Idiopathic Bone Cavities. Report of Four Cases
Oral Surg.
(1963)
BradleyJ.C.
A Radiological Investigation into the Age Changes of the Inferior Dental Artery
B. J. of Oral Surg.
(1975)
CorrellR.W. et al.
Lingual cortical mandibular defects
O. Surg.
(1980)
D'EramoE.M. et al.
Development Submandibular Gland Defect of the Mandible
Oral Surg.
(1975)
HarveyW. et al.
Defects on the Lingual Surface of the Mandible Near the Angle
Br. J. Oral Surg.
(1968)
HellemS. et al.
Normal and retrograde blood supply to the body of the mandible in the dog. II
Int. J. Oral Surg.
(1981)
JacobsM.H.
The Traumatic Bone

KarmiolM. et al.

Incidence o£ Static Bone Defect of the Mandible

Oral Surg.

(1968)

KayL.W.

Some anthropologic investigations of interest to oral surgeons

Int. J. Oral Surg.

(1974)

MainousE.G. et al.

Lingual mandibular bone concavity

J.A.D.A.

(1975)

MillerA.S. et al.

Salivary Gland Inclusion in the Anterior Mandible; Report of a Case with a Review of the Literature on Aberrant Salivary Gland Tissue and Neoplasms

Oral Surg.

(1971)

OlechE. et al.

Lingual Mandibular Bone Cavity

Oral Surg.

(1961)

OikarinenV.J. et al.

An orthopantomographic study of Developmental Mandibular bone Defects (Stafne's Idiopathic Bone Cavities)

Int. J. Oral Surg.

(1974)

OikarinenV.J. et al.

A stereosialographic study of developmental mandibular bone defects (Stafne's Idiopathic Bone Cavities)

Int. J. Oral Surg.

(1975)

PalladinoV.S. et al.

Salivary Gland tissue in the mandible and Stafne's mandibular Cysts

JADA

(1965)

RichardE.L. et al.

Aberrant salivary gland tissue in mandible

Oral Surg.

(1957)

SawyerD.R. et al.

Two Probable Cases of a Depression in the Mandible Caused by the Submandibular Salivary Gland in Pre-Columbian Peruvians

J. max.-fac. Surg.

(1981)

Stafne

Bone Cavities Situated Near the Angle of the Mandible

J.A.D.A.

(1942)

ThomaK.H.

Case Report of a So-called Latent Bone Cyst

Oral Surg.

(1955)

Cited by (37)

Stafne bone cavities: Systematic algorithm for diagnosis derived from retrospective data over a 5-year period
2014, British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Stafne bone cavities are usually found in men 50–70 years old. Typically they appear as lingual, open, ovoid lesions of the molar region of the lower jaw, and most contain parts of the submandibular gland. We have retrospectively examined panoramic radiographs acquired over a 5-year period. All lesions suspected of being Stafne bone cavities were included and analysed further to retrieve statistical information and derive a systematic diagnostic algorithm. We identified 21 Stafne bone cavities among 2928 patients (0.7%). Four of these were confirmed on cone-beam computed tomography (CT). One patient had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to confirm the diagnosis. The M:F ratio was 14:7 and the mean age 53 years (range 22–82). All cavities were located in the posterior mandible, 9 on the right and 12 on the left. The mean length was 10.9 (range 4.5–23) mm and height 5.7 (range 3.3–17.3) mm. All cavities were located in the posterior mandible. Sixteen panoramic radiographs (0.6%) were classified as possibly having a Stafne bone cavity but did not fulfil enough criteria to confirm the diagnosis. These 16 were not further analysed. It is rare to diagnose a Stafne bone cavity on a panoramic radiograph. Thorough investigation is essential to exclude differential diagnoses such as keratocystic odontogenic tumour, ameloblastoma, or a metastasis.
In atypical presentations 3-dimensional cone-beam CT is helpful to verify the lingual opening. If the diagnosis is still not clear, it can be confirmed by MRI.
Posterior lingual bone depression diagnosis using 3D-computed tomography
2012, Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentaria e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
Citation Excerpt :
Kay et al.,7 suggested that the etiology was related to an abnormal facial artery vascular pressure, which, with its winding course along the inferior border of the mandible could lead to necrosis and bone resorption. For Lello and Makek13 these cavities were a result of focal bone atrophy due to an ischemic process associated with degenerative arterial changes. In recent years several imaging studies such as sialography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT and CT sialography confirmed the findings of the initial surgical approaches and of some histopathological analysis of these cavities showing the presence of the submandibular gland in many cases.4,9–11,14,15
In 1942, Stafne described a series of asymptomatic unilocular radiolucent lesions, with well defined margins located near the angle of the mandible. These rare lesions represent non-progressive bone cavities where clinical and imaging control is preferred to invasive treatment. The evidence of a concavity with a lingual opening defined by an intact compact cortical excludes most of the differential diagnosis of other types of bone lesions for which surgical treatment is needed. This article reports the usefulness of three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction for the confirmation of two cases of posterior lingual mandibular bone depressions and makes a review on pathogenesis and methods of investigation of these lesions.
Em 1942, Stafne descreveu uma série de lesões radiolucentes uniloculares assintomáticas, de bordos bem definidos, localizadas perto do ângulo da mandíbula. Estas lesões raras representam cavidades ósseas não progressivas onde o controle clínico e imagiológico é preferido a tratamento invasivo. A evidência de uma concavidade com abertura lingual definida por uma cortical integra exclui a maior parte dos diagnósticos diferenciais de outras lesões ósseas para as quais o tratamento cirúrgico é necessário. Este artigo reporta a utilidade da tomografia computorizada com reconstrução tridimensional na confirmação de dois casos de depressões ósseas mandibulares posteriores e realiza uma revisão sobre a patogénese e métodos de diagnóstico destas lesões.
Aberrant location of salivary gland inclusion: Report of a case with review of the literature
2011, European Journal of Radiology Extra
Citation Excerpt :
Stafne suggested that the occurrence of lingual cavities is developmental as the defect was occupied by cartilaginous tissue due to bone deposition deficiency [1]; however, some authors have suggested that the pressure of glandular tissue on the lingual cortex of the mandible causes a lingual bony depression [69]. Many reports suggest that SBD represents the constricted remains of solitary bone cysts, pressure atrophy from salivary gland tissue, influence of the adjacent facial artery and localized relative ischemia [70,71,74]. The influence of arterial pulses can cause bone resorption, as patients with hypertension tend to have SBDs [52,68].
Stafne's bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic radiolucent lingual/buccal bone lesions of the lower jaw and are frequently caused by soft tissue inclusion. SBDs located on the buccal ramus of the mandible are the rarest variant. To date, only one case involving the buccal ramus has been reported in the PubMed Database (National Library of Medicine) including both clinical cases and archaeological specimens. Advanced imaging techniques are useful in diagnosing these types of lesions in order to avoid unnecessary surgery. In the case described, the radiolucency in the condylar neck appeared to be developmental in origin and was later shown by computed tomography to be related to salivary gland tissue of the parotid gland.
Radiolucency of the mandibular angle: Stafne bone cavity Case series
2011, Dental Cadmos
Descrivere due casi clinici di lacuna di Stafne, ponendo l’attenzione, oltre che sulla patogenesi di tale lesione, anche sulle indagini strumentali per giungere a diagnosi differenziale e terapia corrette.
Nei due casi presentati, vista l’anamnesi patologica negativa e le caratteristiche della lesione, gli autori sono stati concordi nel porre diagnosi presuntiva di lacuna di Stafne. La lacuna di Stafne è una lesione rara, benigna, asintomatica, difficilmente evidenziabile all’esame clinico obiettivo. La patogenesi non è ancora completamente chiara; all’esame radiografico essa si presenta come una lesione uniloculare, radiotrasparente, ben definita, localizzata nella regione tra il primo molare e l’angolo della mandibola al di sotto del canale alveolare inferiore. La diagnosi si prospetta relativamente semplice quando la lacuna si presenta nella sua forma più frequente e caratteristica, mentre nei casi dubbi è importante effettuare ulteriori approfondimenti diagnostici per confermare la diagnosi presuntiva.
La lacuna di Stafne non richiede alcun trattamento; è indicato effettuare un periodico follow-up radiografico in modo da escludere modificazioni, cambiamenti nell’aspetto della lesione o degenerazioni di varia natura.
To describe two Stafne bone cavity cases, focusing on instrumental investigations besides pathogenesis, in order to reach correct differential diagnosis and therapy.
In the two presented cases, having acknowledged negative pathological anamnesis and characteristics of lesion, the Authors agreed in formulating a presumptive diagnosis of Stafne bone cavity. Stafne bone cavity is a rare, benign, asymptomatic, hardly noticeable lesion in conducting clinical examination. Pathogenesis is not completely evident yet, and in radiographic examination it displays as a unilocular radio-transparent and well-defined lesion, localized in between the bone adjacent to the first molar and the mandibular angle, underneath the inferior alveolar canal. Diagnosis gets simple as bone cavity shows up in the more frequent and common form, whereas in case of doubt it is important an ulterior diagnostic deepening in order to confirm the presumptive diagnosis.
Stafne bone cavity does not require any treament, periodic radiographic follow-up is suggested in order to monitor any modifcation or change in the aspect of lesion, and to avoid eventual degenerations.
Anterior Stafne's Bone Cavity Mimicking a Periapical Lesion of Endodontic Origin: Report of Two Cases
2009, Journal of Endodontics
This report of 2 cases describes the diagnostic procedures used to identify 2 Stafne's bone cavities (SBC) found in unusually anterior locations in the mandible, both mimicking periapical lesions of endodontic origin.
In the first patient, a 47-year-old man, an SBC was diagnosed in the area of teeth #27, 28, and 29. In the second patient, a 62-year-old man, the SBC was a fortuitous finding, because this patient was referred for dental implant therapy.
In both cases, the final diagnosis was achieved by using limited cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In both patients, the lingual bone cavity was found to be occupied by accessory salivary gland tissue.
The combination of CBCT and MRI as noninvasive diagnostic techniques seems ideal to avoid surgical explorations, incisional biopsies, or enucleations of the lesion for diagnostic purposes.
Giant mandibular bone defect: Report of a case
2006, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Stafne's mandibularlingual cortical defect discussion of aetiology

Summary

Report of a case. J.A.D.A.

Oral Surg.

Oral Surg.

Oral Surg.

B. J. of Oral Surg.

O. Surg.

Oral Surg.

Br. J. Oral Surg.

Int. J. Oral Surg.

Oral Surg.

Int. J. Oral Surg.

J.A.D.A.

Oral Surg.

Oral Surg.

Int. J. Oral Surg.

Int. J. Oral Surg.

JADA

Oral Surg.

J. max.-fac. Surg.

J.A.D.A.

Oral Surg.