Age, menopause, bone turnover markers and lumbar bone loss in healthy Japanese women
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Assessing bone loss in micro-gravity: A fuzzy approach
2012, Computer Methods and Programs in BiomedicineCitation Excerpt :Most of the existing works are therefore performed on earth: in [3] a Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) has been used, while in [4] a magnetic field has been adopted to study cell cultures; in [5] the effect of microgravity on the calcium mineral nucleation has been studied from both the analytical and experimental point of view, while in [6] a simple mathematical model of bone remodeling was adopted. Analogously, the studies on humans are typically limited to bed resting [7,8] or menopause women [9] or senile osteoporosis in general [10–12], that for obvious reasons cannot be directly applied to astronauts, due to the completely different hormonal characteristics. Nevertheless, some works have been specifically tailored on astronauts [1,13,2]; the results showed a monthly reduction of the bone mineral density of about 1.06% at the femur level and about 1–1.6% at the hip level.
The relationship between bone turnover markers and BMD decreasing rates in Chinese middle-aged women
2011, Clinica Chimica ActaCitation Excerpt :Previous studies showed that high BTM level was a predictor of rapid BMD decreasing [46,47]. It was further revealed that correlation between BMD decreasing and BTMs existed at lumbar vertebra [8,19,33,48–50] or forearm [15,51–53] rather than at the hip [11,54]. Keen et al. [16] reported that there was no correlation between BMD decreasing and BTMs at lumbar vertebra and the femoral neck.
Bone loss during menopausal transition among southern Chinese women
2011, MaturitasCitation Excerpt :However, the site at which this bone loss occurred and the precise definition of various menopausal stages were not mentioned. Some short Japanese longitudinal studies of 1–2 years were found, reporting annual bone loss of 2.1–2.4%/year at spine and 1.95%/year at distal radius in perimenopausal women [18–20]. Menopause age was identified in our cohort as an independent predictor for bone loss.
Foot forces during typical days on the international space station
2010, Journal of BiomechanicsCitation Excerpt :The rate of bone loss observed in these subjects was substantial. A typical post-menopausal woman not receiving hormonal replacement therapy loses ∼1% BMD per year in the proximal hip (Iki et al., 1996; Sirola et al., 2003) while our subjects lost ∼1% per month. Application of the EDLS model to the in-shoe force from the astronauts showed an average EDLS ratio of 0.75±0.061, indicating a mean decrease of 25% in the daily load experienced by the LE.
NASA utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration
2007, Acta AstronauticaCitation Excerpt :On ISS, bone mineral density was lost at an average rate of about 0.9% per month in the lumbar spine and 1.4% per month in the femoral neck [4]. For comparison, a post-menopausal woman experiences losses of bone mineral on the order of 1% per year (e.g. [5]). The experiment provides insight into the process of bone loss because it is the first study to differentiate the loss in the cortical bone (the outer part of the bone) and the trabecular bone (the inner parts of the bone).
Bone mineral density changes during the menopause transition in a multiethnic cohort of women
2008, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism