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Effect of a 2-year home-based endurance training intervention on physiological function and PSA doubling time in prostate cancer patients

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Abstract

Aim

Physical activity after prostate cancer diagnosis has been shown to reduce the risk of disease progression. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a 2-year home-based endurance training intervention on body composition, biomarkers levels, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time as a surrogate end-point for progressing disease.

Methods

Out-clinic patients with either biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy or patients managed on active surveillance were randomized to either 24 months (3 times/week) of home-based endurance training or usual care. Aerobic fitness, body composition, insulin sensitivity, and biomarkers were measured at 0, 6, and 24 months of intervention. PSA doubling time (PSADT) was calculated based on monthly PSA measurements.

Results

Twenty-five patients were enrolled, and 19 patients completed the study. PSADT increased in the training group from 28 to 76 months (p < 0.05) during the first 6 months and was correlated with changes in VO2max (p < 0.01, r 2 = 0.41). The training group lost 3.6 ± 1.0 kg (p < 0.05) exclusively as fat mass, yet the changes in body composition were not associated with the increased PSADT. The training group showed significant improvements in plasma triglycerides, adiponectin, IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and fasting glucose levels, but no changes in insulin sensitivity (measured as Matsuda index), testosterone, cholesterols, fasting insulin, plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6, or leptin levels. The control group showed no changes in any of the evaluated parameters across the 2-year intervention.

Conclusion

In this small randomized controlled trial, we found that improvements in fitness levels correlated with increasing PSADT, suggesting a link between training and disease progression.

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Acknowledgments

Thomas S. Grøndahl and Lisa Gruschy are acknowledged for their help with various aspects of the present study. Ruth Rousing is acknowledged for technical assistance. During the study period, the Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) was supported by a grant from the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF55). The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS) is supported by a grant from Trygfonden. KW was supported by the Danish Diabetes Academy. This study was further supported by the Danish Medical Research Council, and by grants from TrygFonden. The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre (CMRC) is supported by a grant from the Capital Region of Denmark.

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Correspondence to Pernille Hojman.

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Hvid, T., Lindegaard, B., Winding, K. et al. Effect of a 2-year home-based endurance training intervention on physiological function and PSA doubling time in prostate cancer patients. Cancer Causes Control 27, 165–174 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0694-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0694-1

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