Summary
Cigarette smoking and certain types of occupational exposure to arylamines appear to be the main cause of human urinary bladder cancer. Little is known of the promotion of bladder cancer in humans, although this stage has been demonstrated in rodents. Perhaps as a consequence of initiation, multifactorial alterations of cellular genes occur. These genes include the epidermal growth factor receptor gene,erbB-2,int-2,hst, and H-ras, which exert positive control over cell growth, as well as the suppressor genesRb-1, and the gene coding for p53. Chromosomal changes such as deletions, translocations and/or amplifications related to these genes may be of significance for prognosis of this disease.
Abbreviations
- 2-AAF:
-
2-acetylaminofluorene
- 2-AF:
-
2-aminofluorene
- 2-AN:
-
2-aminonaphthalene
- 4-ABP:
-
4-aminobiphenyl
- BBN:
-
N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-N-butylnitrosamine
- DMBA:
-
7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene
- FANFT:
-
N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide
- MBOCA:
-
4,4′-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
- MNU:
-
N-methylnitrosourea
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The “Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology” publishes in loose succession “Editorials” and “Guest editorials” on current and/or controversial problems in experimental and clinical oncology. These contributions represent exclusively the personal opinion of the author
This report from the A. Taubman Facility of the Michigan Cancer Foundation was supported in part by USPHS grants CA 23800 and CA 49783, and an institutional grant from the United Way of Greater Detroit. Owing to the limitation of space, only some of the references are cited. Additional references will be furnished upon request
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Jones, R.F., Debiec-Rychter, M. & Wang, C.Y. Chemical carcinogenesis of the urinary bladder — a status report. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 118, 411–419 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01629423
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01629423