RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Fibrotic Lung Toxicity Induced by Hydroxycarbamide
JF In Vivo
JO In Vivo
FD International Institute of Anticancer Research
SP 1221
OP 1223
VO 31
IS 6
A1 ELENA BARGAGLI
A1 MARCO PALAZZI
A1 FRANCESCO PERRI
A1 ELENA TORRICELLI
A1 ELISABETTA ROSI
A1 ALESSANDRA BINDI
A1 MASSIMO PISTOLESI
A1 LUCA VOLTOLINI
YR 2017
UL http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/31/6/1221.abstract
AB A patient treated for 4 months with hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea) for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia was admitted to hospital for recently developed severe dyspnea and acute respiratory failure. The computed tomographic scan of the chest showed diffuse ground glass opacities, some centrilobular low-density nodules (resembling hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like pattern), and minimal interstitial reticulation of the subpleural region. The analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid excluded infection, as did serological examinations. The patient was started on oxygen therapy and with relief of thrombocytopenia and suspected hemolytic anemia, hydroxyurea treatment was discontinued. The patient underwent steroid therapy, with a rapid progressive improvement of clinical and radiological features. As hydroxyurea is increasingly used for a number of systemic disorders, physicians must be aware of its potential lung toxicity, requiring immediate cessation of the treatment and empiric corticosteroid therapy.