TY - JOUR T1 - Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism: A Systematic Review JF - In Vivo JO - In Vivo SP - 171 LP - 179 VL - 30 IS - 3 AU - KASSIANI KAKAVA AU - SYMEON TOURNIS AU - GEORGIOS PAPADAKIS AU - IOANNIS KARELAS AU - PAVLOS STAMPOULOGLOU AU - EVANTHIA KASSI AU - IOANNIS TRIANTAFILLOPOULOS AU - VASILIKI VILLIOTOU AU - THEODORE KARATZAS Y1 - 2016/05/01 UR - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/30/3/171.abstract N2 - This article reviews epidemiology, risk factors and treatment modalities of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism (PHypo). PHypo occurs after total thyroidectomy due to injury of parathyroid glands and/or their blood supply or after parathyroidectomy. PHypo results in hypocalcemia because parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion is impaired and cannot mobilize calcium from bone, reabsorb calcium from the distal nephron and stimulate renal 1α-hydroxylase activity. It usually appears in the first days after surgery and it can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Risk factors are low level of intraoperative PTH and presence of parathyroid gland in the pathological specimen. Patients usually present with paresthesia, cramps or tetany, but the disorder may also manifest acutely with seizures, bronchospasm, laryngospasm or cardiac rhythm disturbances. Standard treatment is vitamin D analogues and calcium supplementation. ER -