PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - TAKASHI TANIKAWA AU - MASASHI KITAMURA AU - YASUHIRO HAYASHI AU - NATSUMI TOMIDA AU - AKEMI UWAYA AU - FUMIYUKI ISAMI AU - TAKAMI YOKOGAWA AU - YUTAKA INOUE TI - Anti-inflammatory Effect of a Combination of Cannabidiol and <em>Morinda citrifolia</em> Extract on Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264 Macrophages AID - 10.21873/invivo.13117 DP - 2023 Mar 01 TA - In Vivo PG - 591--595 VI - 37 IP - 2 4099 - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/37/2/591.short 4100 - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/37/2/591.full SO - In Vivo2023 Mar 01; 37 AB - Background/Aim: The inflammatory response plays an important role in the activation and progression of many inflammation-related diseases. Cannabis sativa and Morinda citrifolia have long been used in folk medicine to treat inflammation. Cannabidiol is the most abundant non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid in C. sativa and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of cannabidiol in combination with M. citrifolia and compare its effects with those of cannabidiol alone. Materials and Methods: RAW264 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (200 ng/ml) were treated with cannabidiol (0-10 μM), M. citrifolia seed extract (0-100 μg/ml), or a combination of both for 8 or 24 h. Following the treatments, nitric oxide production in the activated RAW264 cells and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase were assessed. Results: Our results showed that combination of cannabidiol (2.5 μM) and M. citrifolia seed extract (100 μg/ml) exhibited more efficient inhibition of nitric oxide production than cannabidiol treatment alone in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264 cells. The combination treatment also reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Conclusion: These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of combined treatment with cannabidiol and M. citrifolia seed extract causes a reduction in the expression of inflammatory mediators.