RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Increased In Vivo Efficacy of Lenalidomide by Addition of Piroctone Olamine JF In Vivo JO In Vivo FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 99 OP 103 VO 25 IS 1 A1 YOUNG KIM A1 PETRA ALPMANN A1 SABINE BLAUM-FEDER A1 SIMON KRÄMER A1 TOMOYUKI ENDO A1 DESHENG LU A1 DENNIS CARSON A1 INGO G.H. SCHMIDT-WOLF YR 2011 UL http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/25/1/99.abstract AB Background: It was recently confirmed that the antifungal agent ciclopirox olamine inhibits Wnt/beta catenin signaling in myeloma. Piroctone olamine (PO) has very similar chemical features to ciclopirox olamine. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the antitumor effect of PO in vitro and in vivo in a murine myeloma model. Results: PO demonstrated a major apoptotic activity in various human and murine myeloma and lymphoma cell lines, as well as in human primary cells. In vivo, tumor growth, as well as overall survival, was significantly reduced in mice treated with PO as compared to untreated mice. Interestingly, concerning tumor growth and survival of the animals, a significant additive effect was seen by the combination of lenalidomide plus PO as compared to single application. Conclusion: These results reveal a significant selective induction of apoptosis by PO and suggest a significant in vivo effect against myeloma.