PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - MIKE BARBECK
AU  - TIM FIENITZ
AU  - ANNE-KATHRIN JUNG
AU  - OLE JUNG
AU  - SAID ALKILDANI
AU  - DANIEL ROTHAMEL
TI  - Comparison of the Validity of Enzymatic and Immunohistochemical Detection of Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) in the Context of Biocompatibility Analyses of Bone Substitutes
AID  - 10.21873/invivo.12930
DP  - 2022 Sep 01
TA  - In Vivo
PG  - 2042--2051
VI  - 36
IP  - 5
4099  - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/36/5/2042.short
4100  - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/36/5/2042.full
SO  - In Vivo2022 Sep 01; 36
AB  - Background/Aim: Macrophages and biomaterial-induced multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) are central elements in the tissue reaction cascade towards bone substitute materials (BSM). The enzymatic detection of the lytic enzyme tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) has manifoldly been used to examine the so-called “bioactivity” of BSM. The present study aimed to compare the detection validity and expression pattern of the TRAP enzyme using enzymatic and immunohistochemical detection methods in the context of biocompatibility analyses of BSM. Patients and Methods: Biopsies from 8 patients were analyzed after sinus augmentation with a xenogeneic bone substitute. Analysis of both macrophage and BMGC polarization were performed by histochemical TRAP detection and immunohistochemical detection of TRAP5a. Histomorphometrical analysis was used for comparison of the TRAP detection of BMGCs. Results: The enzymatic TRAP detection method revealed that in 7 out of 8 biopsies only single cells were TRAP-positive, whereas most of the cells and especially the BMGCs were TRAP-negative. The immunohistochemical detection of TRAP5a showed moderate numbers of stained mononuclear cells, while the majority of the BMGCs showed signs of TRAP5a-expression. The enzymatic TRAP detection was comparable to the results obtained via immunohistochemistry only in one case. The histomorphometrical analysis showed that significantly more mononuclear and multinucleated TRAP-positive cells were found using immunohistochemical TRAP5a-staining compared to the enzymatic TRAP detection method. Also, significantly more TRAP-negative BMGCs were found using the enzymatic TRAP detection. Conclusion: The immunohistochemical detection of TRAP is more accurate for examination of the bioactivity and cellular degradability of BSM.