TY - JOUR T1 - Infrared Spectroscopic Study and Mathematical Simulations of Carotid Atherosclerosis JF - In Vivo JO - In Vivo SP - 189 LP - 197 DO - 10.21873/invivo.12690 VL - 36 IS - 1 AU - JANE ANASTASSOPOULOU AU - VASILIKI MAMARELI AU - EVANGELOS MYLONAS AU - PANAGIOTA KOLOVOU AU - IOANNIS MAMARELIS AU - CHRISTOPHOROS KOTOULAS AU - CHRISTINA MAMARELI AU - SOTIRIS KOTOULAS AU - EMMANOUIL KOUTOULAKIS AU - KONSTANTINOS SPILIOPOULOS AU - THEOPHILE THEOPHANIDES Y1 - 2022/01/01 UR - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/36/1/189.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: The pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis continue to be the subject of intensive research and study by the scientific community. Based on Fourier-transform infrared spectra and 3D-Doppler echogram, we attempted to develop a computational simulation model for predicting the association of atherosclerotic risk factors with pathogenic molecular structural changes. Materials and Methods: Atheromatic carotid arteries from 56 patients (60-85 years old) were used as samples. Color 3D-Doppler echogram screening was performed on all patients preoperatively. Each infrared spectrum consisted of 120 co-added spectra at a spectral resolution of 4 cm−1. Results: The infrared spectral analysis reveals ‘marker bands’, such as the 1,744 cm−1 band assigned to aldehyde formation and to the ‘fingerprint’ digital spectral region of 1,050-1,169 cm−1, characteristic of the presence of advanced glycation end products (C-O-C). The accumulation of calcium phosphate salts increases the formation rate of stenosis. The critical point of stenosis risk starts at about 45%, while when stenosis is over 60-70%, the risk of ischemic stroke or other major adverse cardiovascular events increases dramatically. Conclusion: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and mathematical simulation models showed that carotid artery stenosis over 45% reduces the blood flow rate, while stenosis over 65% dramatically increases the hemodynamic disturbance, with a parallel increase the rate of ischemic stroke or other major adverse cardiovascular events. ER -