TY - JOUR T1 - Docetaxel Rechallenge Improves Survival in Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study JF - In Vivo JO - In Vivo SP - 3509 LP - 3519 DO - 10.21873/invivo.12653 VL - 35 IS - 6 AU - SHENG-CHUN HUNG AU - LI-WEN CHANG AU - JIAN-RI LI AU - SHIAN-SHIANG WANG AU - CHENG-KUANG YANG AU - CHUAN-SHU CHEN AU - KEVIN LU AU - CHENG-CHE CHEN AU - SHU-CHI WANG AU - CHIA-YEN LIN AU - CHEN-LI CHENG AU - YEN-CHUAN OU AU - KUN-YUAN CHIU Y1 - 2021/11/01 UR - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/35/6/3509.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: Docetaxel has been widely used in metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) patients for decades. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of docetaxel rechallenge in patients with mCRPC. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively compared patients who had received either first-line docetaxel and rechallenge after Androgen Receptor-axis Targeted therapies (ARAT), to those without rechallenge docetaxel. Multivariate cox-regression analysis was used to evaluate survival. Results: Out of the 204 patients with mCRPC enrolled in the study, 24 patients received docetaxel rechallenge and 180 did not. The median overall survival was 50.11 months in the rechallenge group, as compared to 26.36 months in the non-rechallenge group (p of log rank=0.044). In the multivariate model, doxetaxel rechallenge was an independent risk factor for overall survival [hazard ratio (HR)=0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.32-0.99], together with the performance status score 2 (HR=2.46, 95%CI=1.32-4.58), hormone-sensitive state duration (HR=0.99, 95%CI=0.99-0.999), liver (HR=1.90, 95%CI=1.04-3.47) and brain metastases (HR=2.23, 95%CI=1.26-5.46). The advantage of rechallenge was addressed in the androgen receptor-axis-targeted (ARAT) non-responsive patients (HR=0.36, 95%CI=0.17-0.78). Adverse events were at 29.17% with Grade 3/4 neutropenia and at 20.83% with Grade 1/2 neutropenia in the docetaxel rechallenge group. Conclusion: The docetaxel rechallenge improved survival in patients with mCRPC failure of first-line docetaxel and subsequent abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Independent predictive factors for overall survival included i) the performance status, ii) hormone-sensitive state duration, iii) liver and iv) brain metastases. Patients non-responsive to ARATs will benefit from docetaxel rechallenge with regards to overall survival. ER -