RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Concomitant Proton Pump Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Increase Nephritis Frequency JF In Vivo JO In Vivo FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 2831 OP 2840 DO 10.21873/invivo.12570 VO 35 IS 5 A1 KOKI KATO A1 TOMOHIRO MIZUNO A1 TAKENAO KOSEKI A1 YOSHIMASA ITO A1 MASAKAZU HATANO A1 KAZUO TAKAHASHI A1 SHIGEKI YAMADA A1 NAOTAKE TSUBOI YR 2021 UL http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/35/5/2831.abstract AB Background/Aim: Concomitant proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) were determined as risk factors of acute kidney injury. To identify the type of PPI associated with ICPI-induced nephritis, we used the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. Patients and Methods: ICPIs (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) and PPIs (esomeprazole, omeprazole, vonoprazan, rabeprazole, and lansoprazole) were selected as suspected nephritis-inducing drugs. Results: The cases of concomitant use of atezolizumab and rabeprazole, ipilimumab and omeprazole, ipilimumab and lansoprazole, nivolumab and esomeprazole, nivolumab and omeprazole, nivolumab and rabeprazole, nivolumab and lansoprazole, pembrolizumab and esomeprazole, as well as pembrolizumab and lansoprazole had a significantly higher reported odds ratio than monotherapy cases. Conclusion: Male patients or patients using ICPIs and PPIs (excluded vonoprazan) concomitantly should be monitored for renal function after chemotherapy.