TY - JOUR T1 - Rare Nivolumab-associated Super Hyper Progressive Disease in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer JF - In Vivo JO - In Vivo SP - 1865 LP - 1875 DO - 10.21873/invivo.12449 VL - 35 IS - 3 AU - YUTARO KUBOTA AU - KIYOSHI YOSHIMURA AU - KAZUYUKI HAMADA AU - YUYA HIRASAWA AU - MIDORI SHIDA AU - MAKOTO TANIGUCHI AU - HIROTO MATSUI AU - HIROTSUGU ARIIZUMI AU - TOMOYUKI ISHIGURO AU - NORIHIRO SUZUKI AU - RYOTARO OHKUMA AU - TAKEHIKO SAMBE AU - HIROO ISHIDA AU - ATSUSHI HORIIKE AU - SATOSHI WADA AU - JUNJI TSURUTANI AU - SANJU IWAMOTO AU - NAOKI UCHIDA AU - YUJI KIUCHI AU - SHINICHI KOBAYASHI AU - TAKUYA TSUNODA Y1 - 2021/05/01 UR - http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/35/3/1865.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: Rapid tumor growth after administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors is designated hyper progressive disease (HPD). In this study, besides the conventional HPD category, we proposed the “super HPD” category where the disease is naturally rapidly growing. Patients and Methods: Patients treated for advanced gastric cancer with irinotecan or nivolumab as a third-line treatment were retrospectively compared. Results: Eighteen and 26 patients were treated with irinotecan or nivolumab, respectively. There were 3 HPD cases (16.7%) in the irinotecan group, 6 cases (23.1%) in the nivolumab group, and the frequency of HPD was not significantly different. Two cases satisfied the super HPD definition only in the nivolumab group. When one of them was analyzed immunologically, the number of regulatory T cells was found to be increased, resulting in a low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Conclusion: Our proposed super HPD was likely to represent a true HPD, with a frequency of 7.7%. ER -