Research ArticleExperimental Studies

Anti-UV Activity of Newly-synthesized Water-soluble Azulenes

JUN-ICHI UEKI, HIROSHI SAKAGAMI and HIDETSUGU WAKABAYASHI
In Vivo January 2013, 27 (1) 119-126;

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Figure 1.
    Figure 1.

    Chemical structure of water-soluble azulenes: sodium 3-methylazulene-1-sulfonate [1], sodium 3-ethylazulene-1-sulfonate [2], sodium 3-propylazulene-1-sulfonate [3], sodium 7-isopropyl-3-methylazulene-1-sulfonate [4], sodium 7-isopropyl-3-ethylazulene-1-sulfonate [5], sodium 7-isopropyl-3-propylazulene-1-sulfonate [6], sodium 3-hexylazulene-1-sulfonate [7], sodium 7-isopropyl-3-heptylazulene-1-sulfonate [8] and disodium azulene-1,3-disulfonate [9].

  • Figure 2.
    Figure 2.

    Effect of water-soluble azulenzes on induction of DNA fragmentation. HSC-2 and HSC-4 cells were incubated for 6, 24 or 48 hours with the indicated concentrations of water-soluble azulene compounds, and lysed for the assay of DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis. UV, DNA from UV-irradiated HL-60 cells.

  • Figure 3.
    Figure 3.

    Effect of water-soluble azulene compounds on induction of caspase-3 activity. HSC-2 and HSC-4 cells were incubated for 2 (indicated by black bars), 4 (white bars) or 24 (gray bars) hours with the indicated concentrations of water-soluble azulene compounds. The cells were lysed for determination of caspase-3 activity. As positive control, apoptotic HL-60 cells induced to apoptosis by UV irradiation were assayed for caspase-3 activity and this was defined as maximum activity (absorbance at 405 nm=0.18-0.33). Caspase-3 activity was determined by dividing the each value by that of maximum activity, and expressed as a percentage. Each value represents the mean±S.D. of triplicate assays. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 relative to the untreated cells.

  • Figure 4.
    Figure 4.
    Figure 4.

    Effect of UV irradiation on the viability of cultured oral cells. HGF (18 PDL) (A) were exposed to UV irradiation (6 J/m2/min) for 4 minutes, and HSC-2 cells (B) were exposed to UV irradiation for only 30 seconds in PBS(–) containing the indicated concentrations of each azulene. After removing the sample, both cells were incubated for 48 hours in fresh azulene-free culture medium. The viable cell numbers were then determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, and expressed as a percentage that of control cells not exposed to UV irradiation. Each value represents the mean±S.D. of triplicate assays in two independent experiments (Exp. I and Exp. II).

Tables

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  • Table II.
  • Table III.
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Anti-UV Activity of Newly-synthesized Water-soluble Azulenes
JUN-ICHI UEKI, HIROSHI SAKAGAMI, HIDETSUGU WAKABAYASHI
In Vivo Jan 2013, 27 (1) 119-126;
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